Teknologi Alat dan Mesin Pasca Panen sebagai Komponen Pendukung Usahatani Jagung di Lahan Kering Kalimantan Selatan

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Penelitian teknologi alat dan mesin pasca panen telah dilaksanakan untuk menentukan kinerja alat pemipil dan pengering jagung yang akan meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sejak April – Mei 2006 di Desa Tajau Pecah dan Bumi Asih, Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Tanah Laut Kalimantan Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman teknis alat pemipil corn-seller cukup baik dilihat dari hasil pengukuran yang diperoleh yakni kadar air biji <22%, biji utuh 93,45%, butir pecah 5,5% dan kotoran 4,5%. Hasil pengukuran kadar air pada 8 bed dryer antara 14.32 – 16.32% dengan kondisi biji baik tertinggi 88,56% dan terendah 80,05%. Penggunaan alat pemipil corn-seller pada tingkat jasa pemipil (upah) Rp. 35/kg didapat dengan biaya pokok alat Rp. 17,38/kg, sedangkan upah pengeringan (bed dryer) adalah Rp. 120/kg, biaya pokok alat yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 114,15/kg. Titik impas untuk corn-seller 276 ton/tahun dan bed dryer 215,94 ton/tahun, net present value (NPV) corn-seller sebesar Rp. 8.617.843,00. Berdasarkan analisis financial, biaya pokok dan NPV, corn-seller lebih layak dan menguntungkan sedangkan bed dryer belum layak dilihat dari B/C ration 0,95.


Technology of Post Harvest Machinery as Supported Component of Maize Farming on Upland in South Kalimantan

ABSTRACT. The machinery post harvest technology research was to examine the performance of corn sheller and bed dryer and those product quality to increase farmer income. The research was conducted in April till May 2006 at Tajau Pecah and Bumi Asih villages, Batu Ampar District, Tanah Laut regency, South Kalimantan. The result showed that at both of villages, farmer carried out their harvesting with : picked up (removed peel)-carried away-sheller-sold (dry weight). This activity had high percentage than if sold in fresh. Maize grain with <22% of water content, produce intact grain 93.45%, broken grain 5.55% and impurity as 4.5%. Measuring of water content as 14.32-16.34% on eight bed dryer indicated good grain condition as 88.56% for the highest and 80.05% for the lowest. The cost of utilizing corn-sheller at sheller leasing was Rp. 35/kg with prime cost as Rp. 114.15/kg. The break even point of corn sheller and bed dryer were 276 t/ha and 215.94 t/ha. The net present value (NPV) of corn sheller was Rp. 8,617,843. According of financial analysis, prime cost and NPV of corn sheller was more feasible and profitable than bed dryer (with B/C ratio 0.95).